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History of Warren County, Pennsylvania
While it may seem to the uninitiated a task involving but little difficulty to prepare for publication a work no more comprehensive in character than this volume and containing the history merely of a single county, still it is not out of place here to assure all such readers that the work is one demand- ing a vast amount of labor and research, watchful care, untiring patience, and great discrimination. This need not be said to any person who has had experience in similar work. In attempting the production of a creditable history of Warren County, the publishers and the editor did not underestimate the difficulties of their task, and came to it fully imbued with a clear idea of its magnitude, and a determination to execute it in such a manner that it should receive the commendation of all into whose hands it should fall. It is believed that this purpose has been substantially carried out, and that, while a perfect historical work has never yet been published, this one will be found to contain so few imperfections that the most critical reader will be satisfied.
It has been a part of the plans of the publishers in the production of this history to secure, as far as possible, assistance from parties resident in the county, either as writers, or in the revision of all manuscripts; the consequence being that the work bears a local character which could not otherwise be secured, and, moreover, comes from the press far more complete and perfect than could possibly be the case were it in-trusted wholly to the efforts of comparative strangers to the locality in hand. In carrying out this plan, the editor has been tendered such generous co-operation and assistance of various kinds, that to merely mention all who have thus aided is impossible; the satisfaction of having assisted in the production of a commendable public enterprise must be their present reward.
Those who have aided and encouraged in this work have been almost "legion"; and to all such the writer extends his grateful thanks, and hopes his efforts to present a truthful history will not prove fruitless, but that it may be a mile-stone of events reared upon our county's century course, and read by our youth and posterity with such profit that they, by their true patriotism, industry and frugality, may be enabled to add as worthy a record of their day and generation as the fathers of the county have here transcribed.
Table of Contents
CHAPTER I.
OUR SUBJECT SOMEWHAT EXPLAINED 13
CHAPTER II.
NATURAL FEATURES, ETC 15
CHAPTER III.
EUROPEAN DISCOVERIES, ETC., 1534-1655 21
CHAPTER IV.
THE IROQUOIS 28
CHAPTER V.
FROM 1655 TO l680 34
CHAPTER VI.
THE PROVINCE OF PENNSYLVANIA 38
CHAPTER VII.
PENN IN PENNSYLVANIA 49
CHAPTER VIII.
FRENCH DOMINION 56
CHAPTER IX.
ENGLISH DOMINION 72
CHAPTER X.
FROM 1783 TO 1790 83
CHAPTER XI.
CORNPLANTER AND OTHER INDIANS — 1790-91 96
CHAPTER XII.
FROM 1791 TO 1800 110
CHAPTER XIII.
THE ERA OF FORMATION, EARLY SETTLEMENTS, ETC., FROM 1800 TO 1819 125
CHAPTER XIV.
FROM THE ORGANIZATION OF THE COUNTY UNTIL 1830 141
CHAPTER XV.
FROM 1830 TO 1861 149
CHAPTER XVI.
DURING AND SINCE THE LATE WAR 161
CHAPTER XVII.
THIRTY-NINTH REGIMENT — TENTH RESERVE 169
CHAPTER XVIII.
FORTY-SECOND REGiMENT — BUCKTAIL RIFLES 179
CHAPTER XIX.
FIFTY-EIGHTH AND EIGHTY-THIRD REGIMENTS 192
CHAPTER XX.
ONE HUNDRED AND ELEVENTH REGIMENT 196
CHAPTER XXI.
ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTEENTH AND ONE HUNDRED AND FORTY-FIFTH REGIMENTS 214
CHAPTER XXII.
ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTY-FIRST AND ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTY-NINTH REGIMENTS 227
CHAPTER XXIII.
ONE HUNDRED AND EIGHTY-SECOND REGIMENT AND OTHER COMMANDS 238
CHAPTER XXIV.
COUNTY BUILDINGS, ETC 253
CHAPTER XXV.
TOWNSHIP ORGANIZATIONS 259
CHAPTER XXVI.
AGRICULTURAL SOCIETIES 269
CHAPTER XXVII.
THE PRESS 276
CHAPTER XXVIII.
PETROLEUM 285
CHAPTER XXIX.
CIVIL LIST 294
CHAPTER XXX.
RIVER NAVIGATION, ETC., WAGON ROADS, RAILROADS 302
CHAPTER XXXI.
THE BENCH AND BAR 311
CHAPTER XXXII.
HISTORY OF THE BOROUGH OF WARREN 324
CHAPTER XXXIII.
HISTORY OF CONEWANGO TOWNSHIP 394
CHAPTER XXXIV.
HISTORY OF BROKENSTHAW TOWNSHIP 401
CHAPTER XXXV.
HISTORY OF SUGAR GROVE TOWNSHIP 420
CHAPTER XXXVI.
HISTORY OF PINE GROVE TOWNSHIP 443
CHAPTER XXXVII.
HISTORY OF DEERFIELD TOWNSHIP 453
CHAPTER XXXVIII.
HISTORY OF SPRING CREEL TOWNSHIP 467
CHAPTER XXIX.
HISTORY OF KINZUA TOWNSHIP 475
CHAPTER XL.
HISTORY OF COLUMBUS TOWNSHIP 483
CHAPTER XLI.
HISTORY OF LIMESTONE TOWNSHIP 493
CHAPTER XLII.
HISTORY OF ELK TOWNSHIP 498
CHAPTER XLIII.
HISTORY OF SHEFFIELD TOWNSHIP 511
CHAPTER XLIV.
HISTORY OF FREEHOLD TOWNSHIP 523
CHAPTER XLV.
HISTORY OF PLEASANT TOWNSHIP 532
CHAPTER XLVI.
HISTORY OF SOUTHWEST TOWNSHIP 537
CHAPTER XLVII.
HISTORY OF ELDRED TOWNSHIP 545
CHAPTER XLVII.
HISTORY OF GLADE TOWNSHIP 550
CHAPTER XLIX.
HISTORY OF CORYDON TOWNSHIP 559
CHAPTER L.
HISTORY OF PITTSFIELD TOWNSHIP 566
CHAPTER LI.
HISTORY OF MEAD TOWNSHIP 576
CHAPTER LII.
HISTORY OF CHERRY GROVE TOWNSHIP 583
CHAPTER LIII.
HISTORY OF FARMINGTON TOWNSHIP 586
CHAPTER LIV.
HISTORY OF TRIUMPH TOWNSHIP 593
CHAPTER LV.
HISTORY OF WATSON TOWNSHIP 597
CHAPTER LVI.
BIOGRAPHICAL 599
BRIEF PERSONALS 691
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On that eventful mid-summer's day in 1749 when Captain Bienville de Celeron, "Knight of the Royal and Military Order of St. Louis," in command of two hundred and fifteen French soldiers and fifty-five Indians, appeared on the south bank of the Allegheny River, opposite the mouth of Conewango Creek, there buried an engraved leaden plate, and, with the display of much pomp and ceremony, formally assumed possession of this and adjoining regions vast in extent, in the name of the reigning king of France, a stand-point was reached; a beginning, as it were, was made in the real, wellauthenticated history of Warren county, Pennsylvania. But, in the endeavor to explain the long and interesting chain of events which led up to this occupation by the French, to describe the conflicting claims of the English and their various operations, civil as well as military, in the effort to obtain possession of the same territory, and to briefly outline the history of the primordial inhabitants of "these cantons," it is found necessary to go delving back in the past, two centuries or more before the advent of Celeron upon these shores, to gather up the threads of an historic narrative which, upon perusal, it is believed will not prove uninteresting to the reader.
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