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The memorial history of Hartford County, Connecticut, 1633-1884
VOLUME I
"The initial point of the history of the Colony and State, and especially of the 'Towns upon the River,' whose planters framed the first constitution of Connecticut and laid the foundations of her civil and political institutions," is, as was said in the first announcement of these volumes, the issue of the Earl of Warwick's grant, known as the "Old Patent" of Connecticut, March 19, 1631 (March 29, 1632, new style); and the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of that date seemed a fitting occasion for the publication of a "Memorial History" of a county whose earlier history is inseparable from that of the Colony and State. Difficulties of obtaining such cooperation as was required to insure the permanent value and interest of the work, unavoidable failures and delays in securing promised contributions, as well as other causes which need not be mentioned here, have postponed the completion of the History until now, — a few weeks after the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the first organization of civil government in Connecticut, by the first meeting of the Court of Commissioners for the River Towns "holden att Newton" (now Hartford), April 26 (new style, May 6), 1636.
The delay, however much to be regretted by the publishers and the editor, has not been to the disadvantage of the completed work. It has enabled the writers to avail themselves of the results of the census of 1880, and thereby, in many particulars, to advance nearly a decade on information attainable in 1881; it has secured important contributions which could not earlier have been had; and, so far as the wants of general readers are concerned, it has added to the immediate interest of the history without detracting from its permanent value.
In undertaking this work the publishers, at the suggestion of the editor, stipulated that, "in typographical execution and in the fulness and excellence of the illustrations, it should be equal to its model," the "Memorial History of Boston." That this engagement has been carried out to the letter we think will not be questioned.
Table of Contents
Part I. — The County.
CHAPTER I.
General Description op Hartford County... 1
Illustrations... 2.
CHAPTER II — Early History.
Section I. — Indians of the Connecticut Valley... 11
II. — The Dutch Traders on the River; and the House of Hope... 5
III. — How the River Towns came to be Planted... 19
CHAPTER III. — The River Towns, 1635-1666.
Section I. — Organization of Civil Government... 37
II. — Character and Social Position of the Settlers... 45
III. — The Pequot War. — The Code of 1650, etc... 49
IV. — The Charter of 1662. — Union of the Colonies, etc... 59
CHAPTER IV. — The Colonial Period.
Section I. — The Andros Government. — The Charter and the Charter Oak...63
Illustrations
Section II. — General History of the County... 73
CHAPTER V.
The War of the Rebellion...9
CHAPTER VI.
The Bench and the Bar... 105
Illustrations
CHAPTER VII.
The Medical History of Hatford County.
I. By Dr. W.A.M. Wninwright... 135
II. By Dr. E. B. Hooker... 149
Illustration... 146
CHAPTER VIII.
Hartford in Literature... 155
Illustrations
CHAPTER IX. — The Militia and Independent Companies.
The Militia... 175
Illustrations
Hartford's Independent Military Companies... 189
CHAPTER X.
Freemasonry, etc.... 195
CHAPTER XI.
Emigration... 201
CHAPTER XII.
The Growth of the County... 207
Hartford County Tobacco... 215
Illustrations
Part II. — Hartford, Town and City
CHAPTER I. — The Town.
Section I. — Settlement f the Town... 221
Illustration...221.
Section II. — The Original Proprietors... 227
Illustrations
Section III. — The First and Second Churches.
The First Church... 277
The Second Church... 288
Illustrations
Section IV. — General History to the Revolution...293
Illustration...296.
Section V. — Commerce and Banking... 308
Illustrations
Section VI. — Domestic and Social Life in Colonial
Times...349
CHAPTER II. — Town and City.
Section I. — The Town since 1784... 361
Illustrations
Section II. — The City of Hartford... 377
Illustrations
Section III. — The Churches of Hartford.
The North Congregational Church... 389
The Fourth Congregational Church... 391
Other Congregational Churches... 394
The Baptist Church. By the Rev... 400
The Episcopal Church... 405
The Roman Catholic Church... 410
Other Denominations... 420
Illustrations
Section IV. — Institutions of Learning.
The American Asylum... 425
The Hartford Theological Seminary... 431
Trinity College... 435
Illustrations
Section V. — Parks and Public Works... 447
Illustrations
Section VI. — Architecture in Hartford... 463
Illustrations
Section VII. — Insurance.
Fire Insurance... 499
Life and Accident Insurance... 511
Illustrations
Section VIII. — The Retreat for the Insane... 525
Other Beneficent Institutions... 530
Illustrations
Section IX. — Libraries... 541
Illustrations
Section X. — Travel and Transportation... 551
Illustrations
Section XI. — Manufactures and Inventions... 563
Illustration
Section XII. - Social Life After The Revolution... 574
Illustrations
Section XIII. — The Press... 605
Illustrations
Section XIV. — Schools and Education... 628
Section XV. — Prominent Business Men... 653
Illustrations
Index to Vols. I. and II... 673
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VOLUME II (Town Histories)
Table of Contents
CHAPTER I.
Avon... 1
Illustrations
CHAPTER II.
Berlin... 13
Illustration... 26.
Fac-simile... 16.
CHAPTER III.
Bloomfield... 29
CHAPTER IV.
Bristol... 39
Illustrations
CHAPTER V.
Burlington... 63
CHAPTER VI.
Canton... 67
Illustrations
CHAPTER VII.
East Granby... 77
Illustrations
CHAPTER VIII.
East Hartford... 85
Illustrations
CHAPTER IX.
East Windsor... 107
Illustration
CHAPTER X.
South Windsor... 129
Illustration... 137.
CHAPTER XI.
Enfield... 139
Illustrations
Fac-similes
CHAPTER XII.
Farmington... 163
Illustration... 178
Unionville... 199
CHAPTER XIII.
Glastonbury... 205
Illustrations
CHAPTER XIV.
Granby... 229
CHAPTER XV.
Hartland... 237
CHAPTER XVI.
Manchester... 243
Illustrations
CHAPTER XVII.
Marlborough... 267
CHAPTER XVIII.
New Britain... 277
Illustrations
Fac-simile... 294
CHAPTER XIX.
Newington... 319
Illustration
CHAPTER XX.
Plainville... 335
Illustration... 336.
CHAPTER XXI.
Simsbury... 341
Illustrations
Fac-similes
CHAPTER XXII.
Southington... 363
Illustrations
Fac-simile
CHAPTER XXIII.
Suffield... 383
Illustrations
CHAPTER XXIV.
West Hartford... 415
Illustrations
CHAPTER XXV.
Wethersfield... 425
Illustrations
CHAPTER XXVI.
Rocky Hill... 493
CHAPTER XXVII.
Windsor.
General History... 497
Churches of Windsor... 534
Early Windsor Families. Jahez H. Hayden ........ 547
Illustrations
Fac-Similes
CHAPTER XXVIII.
Windsor Locks... 561
Illustrations
Index... End of Volume I.
List of Steel Portraits
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The publishers of the Memorial History of Hartford County take pleasure in presenting to its subscribers — after numerous inevitable delays — a work of two handsome volumes, several hundred pages larger than the prospectus called for, which they believe will in other respects also equally exceed the public expectation. Dr. J. Hammond Trumbull, the accomplished scholar and historian, who has been its editor from the beginning, has carefully superintended its execution. He has read, annotated, and corrected every page of the great work except the chapter in Vol. I. by Miss Mary K. Talcott on the "Original Proprietors," which is made up largely from his own notes and memoranda. And it should be added here that Dr. Trumbull's many and very valuable notes upon the early history of Hartford have been put by him at the disposal of the various contributors engaged upon their special topics.
Dr. Trumbull's peculiar fitness for this task is recognized by all who know him. It was the unanimous wish of the many gentlemen interested in the work when it was projected, that he should take such charge of it; and in his editorship the book has received the corrections and approval of unquestionably the leading historical authority in Connecticut.
It will be found to be fully and handsomely illustrated; and in addition to the portraits included in the text, there will be found about seventy fine steel portraits, especially engraved for this work, of citizens of the county, living or dead, including such representative men as Dr. Bushnell, Dr. Gallaudet, the Wolcotts, Gideon Welles, John M. Niles, Marshall Jewell, Colonel Colt, Noah Porter, Dr. Barnard, Noah Webster, Elihu Burritt, Chief Justice Williams, Dr. Trumbull, Junius S. Morgan, James Goodwin, and many others. The only essential change in the work since it was projected has been its embellishment by these portraits and many views, which were not originally contemplated, and which the subscribers receive without additional expense. The entire artistic superintendence of the work, from the beginning, has been with Mr. A. V.S. Anthony, so long at the head of the art department of the well-known firm of James R. Osgood & Company; and this is a sufficient guaranty of the high quality of the work.
The publishers take this opportunity to express their gratitude to Dr. J. Hammond Trumbull, and to his assistant Mr. Charles Hopkins Clark, for their labors upon the work, and also to the numerous contributors who have lent their valuable services to making up a suitable memorial history.
The publication of this work was undertaken by James R. Osgood & Company, and upon the dissolution of that firm all their interest therein was transferred to Mr. George Draper.
The undersigned, one of the partners in the late firm of James R. Osgood & Company, is acting as the representative of Mr. Draper in the publication of this History.
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